Annex: Global and regional indicators of development progress for the international development targets

			World total	Developing country totala	East Asia & Pacific	Eastern Europe and Central Asia	Latin America and Caribbean	Middle East & North Africa	South Asia	Sub Saharan Africa
Population [millions]		1980	4,430	3,641	1,398	426	360	174	903	380
		1990	5,255	4,414	1,641	466	439	238	1,122	508
		1998	5,897	5,011	1,817	475	502	286	1,305	627
Reducing Extreme Poverty
Population covered by at least one survey for poverty data [%]		1985-98b		88.1	90.8	81.7	88.0	52.5	97.9	72.9
Population living on less than $1 a dayc [millions]	estimates for	1987	"	1,183.2	417.5	1.1	63.7	9.3	474.4	217.2
		1990	"	1,276.4	452.4	7.1	73.8	5.7	495.1	242.3
		1993	"	1,304.3	431.9	18.3	70.8	5.0	505.1	273.3
		1996	"	1,190.6	265.1	23.8	76.0	5.0	531.7	289.0
		1998	"	1,198.9	278.3	24.0	78.2	5.5	522.0	290.9
Population living on less than $1 a dayc [%]	estimates for	1987	"	28.3	26.6	0.2	15.3	4.3	44.9	46.6
		1990	"	29.0	27.6	1.6	16.8	2,4	44.0	47.7
		1993	"	28.1	25.2	4.0	15.3	1.9	42.4	49.7
		1996	"	24.5	14.9	5.1	15.6	1.8	42.3	48.5
		1998	"	24.0	15.3	5.1	15.6	1.9	40.0	46.3
Poverty Gapc, d [%]	estimates for	1987	"	8.6	6.8	0.1	5.2	1.0	13.0	20.0
		1990	"	9.0	7.6	1.0	6.0	0.5	12.0	20.4
		1993	"	8.9	7.5	1.3	5.8	0.4	11.2	21.7
		1996	"	7.5	4.0	1.5	5.3	0.4	10.6	21.5
		1998	"	7.2	4.2	1.6	5.3	0.2	9.5	20.1
National income/consumption by poorest 20% [share that accrues to the bottom 20% of the population]		1980s	"	"	6.3	9.8	3.7	6.6	7.9	5.7
		1990s	"	"	6.9	8.8	4.5	6.9	8.8	5.2
Prevalence of child malnutrition, weight for age [% of children under 5 years old]		1992-98b	30	31	22	8	8	15	51	33
Universal Primary Education
Net primary school enrolment [school age in school as % of all school age children]	Female	1980	77	72	82	91	85	64	52	49
		1990	86	83	96	95	88	82	65	52
		1997	88	86	99	99	93	84	70	54
	Male	1980	86	83	90	93	86	84	75	59
		1990	91	89	99	95	88	92	82	59
		1997	92	91	99	100	95	91	83	66
	Total	1980	81	78	86	92	85	74	64	54
		1990	88	86	97	95	88	87	74	56
		1997	90	88	99	100	94	87	77	"
Persistence to grade 5 [% of children enrolled at Grade 1 who reach Grade 5]		1990-1995b	77	74	91	"	76	90	56	67
Youth literacy rate [% of people 15-24]	Female	1980	70	69	85	96	89	47	38	44
		1990	77	77	92	97	92	63	50	60
		1998	81	81	95	98	94	75	58	72
	Male	1980	83	83	95	99	90	73	64	66
		1990	87	87	97	99	92	82	71	75
		1998	89	89	98	99	93	87	76	81
	Total	1980	77	76	90	97	89	60	52	55
		1990	82	82	94	98	92	73	61	68
		1998	85	85	97	99	94	81	67	76
Adult literacy rate [% of people 15+]	Female	1980	54	52	57	92	77	28	25	28
		1990	62	61	71	94	83	41	34	40
		1998	68	67	78	95	87	52	41	51
	Male	1980	72	71	80	97	82	56	52	49
		1990	78	78	87	98	86	67	59	60
		1998	82	82	91	98	89	74	65	68
	Total	1980	63	62	69	94	80	42	39	38
		1990	70	69	79	96	85	54	47	50
		1998	75	74	84	96	88	63	53	59
Gender Equality
Gender equality in school [female gross enrolment ratio as a % of male gross enrolment ratio]	Primary	1980	87	84	87	99	97	74	67	76
		1990	90	88	94	99	100f	86	75	82
		1994-1998b	94	92	100	98	98f	86	82	84
	Primary & Secondary	1990	"	"	88	93	98	82	75	82
		1996	"	"	91	85	95	86	94	87
Gender equality in adult literacy [female literacy rate as a % of male literacy rate]		1980	75	73	71	95	94	50	48	57
		1990	79	78	82	96	97	61	58	67
		1998	83	82	86	97	98	70	63	75
Infant and Child Mortality
Infant mortality rate [per 1,000 live births]		1980	80	87	55	41	61	95	119	115
		1990	60	65	40	28	41	60	87	101
		1998	54	59	35	22	31	45	75	92
Under-5 mortality rate [per 1,000 live births]		1980	123	135	82	"	78	136	180	188
		1990	87	91	55	34	49	71	121	155
		1998	75	79	43	26	38	55	89	151
Maternal Mortality
Maternal mortality ratio [per 100,000 live births]		1990	430	480	210	95	190	320	610	980
Births attended by health staff [% of total]		1990	"	49	58	"	"	58	39	"
		1996-1998b	52	47	"	92	78	62	29	38
Reproductive Health
Contraceptive prevalence [% of women 15-49]		1997-1998b	49	48	52	67	59	55	49	21
HIV prevalenceg [Percentage of adults (15-49 years) living with HIV/AIDS in 1999]		1999	1.1	"	0.07	0.14	"	0.13	"	8.0
Environment
National strategies for sustainable developmenth [countries with effective processes for sustainable development]		1998	-	-	-	-	-	-	-	-
Safe water [% of population with access]	Urban	1990-98b	90	89	95	"	88	97	86	77
	Rural	1990-98b	62	62	58	"	42	72	78	39
	Total	1990-98b	72	72	69	"	78	85	80	50
Forest Area [% of National Surface Area]		1990	30	29	25	36	49	4	14	23:
		1995j	25	26	24	36	45	1	16	17
Biodiversity: land area protected [% of total land area]		1994i	6.7	5.1	6.2	3.6	6.5	3.0	4.4	5.8
		1996j	6.6	5.3	6.9	3.2	7.3	2.2	4.5	6.2
Energy efficiency: GDP per unit of energy use		1990	"	"	"	0.7	"	1.5	"	"
		1997	"	"	"	0.8	"	1.3	"	"
Industrial Carbon Dioxide emissions [tonnes per capita]		1980	3.4	1.5	1.4	"	2.4	3.0	0.4	0.9
		1990	3.3	1.7	2.0	"	2.2	3.3	0.7	0.9
		1996	4.0	2.5	2.7	7.4	2.5	3.9	0.9	0.8
General Indicators
Life Expectancy at Birth [in years]	Female	1980	64	60	67å	72	68	60	54	49
		1990	68	65	69	74	71	66	59	52
		1998	69	67	71	74	73	69	63	52
	Male	1980	59	56	64å	63	62	57	54	46
		1990	63	62	66	65	65	63	59	49
		1998	65	63	67	65	67	66	62	49
	Total	1980	61	58	66å	68	65	59	54	48
		1990	65	63	67	69	68	65	59	50
		1998	67	65	69	69	70	68	62	50
Fertility Rate [births per woman]		1980	3.7	4.1	3.0	2.5	4.1	6.2	5.3	6.6
		1990	3.1	3.4	2.4	2.3	3.1	4.8	4.1	6.0
		1998	2.7	2.9	2.1	1.6	2.7	3.5	3.4	5.4
GNP per capita [Atlas method (current US$)]		1980	2,530	790	330	"	2,110	2,040	270	650
		1990	4,030	940	570	"	2,250	1,720	380	550
		1998	4,890	1,250	990	2,200	3,860	2,030	430	510

^a Combined figure for low and middle income countries used as a proxy for developing countries with the exception of the indicators for persistence to Grade 5, maternal mortality ratio and safe water where a true developing countries figure is used.

^b Data refer to the most recent year available within the specified period.

^c At 1993 purchasing power parities (PPPs) adjusted to current price terms

^d The poverty gap is the mean shortfall below the poverty line (counting the non-poor as having zero shortfall), expressed as a percentage of the poverty line. The measure reflects the depth of poverty as well as its incidence.

^e Data are for nearest available year.

^f Figures are based on net enrolment ratios.

^g The indicator actually relates to HIV prevalence in 15 to 24 year old pregnant women. However, until satisfactory data coverage is achieved on this indicator, the prevalence of HIV infection in all adults will be used.

^h These data relate to environmental action plans. These are not the same as national sustainable strategies for development but are a proxy until further information is available.

ⁱ Relates to the year in which the strategies or action plans were adopted.

^j Data may refer to earlier years

" = Not available